The use of herb in the management of various ailments have been brought to light, due to
their ethno-medicinal claims, the fruit of Elaeis guineensis (EG) is claimed to possess
aphrodisiac property. The aim of this study is to investigate the aphrodisiac potential of EG.
EG fruit was obtained from a local market, identified and extracted, presence of
phytochemicals in EG was determined using the standard methods.Female animalswere
artificially brought into oestrus by the administration of ethinyl oestradiol orally at a dose of
100μg per animal 48 hours prior to mating and progesterone subcutaneously at a dose of 1mg
per animal 6 hours prior to mating. The Mountingfrequency, Intromissionfrequency,
Ejaculatory frequency, Mount Latency, Intromissionlatency, Ejaculatorylatency and Anogenital
grooming were evaluated at 200, 400, and 800mg/kg.
Alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, phenolics, tannins and steroidal nucleus were identified
phytochemicals found in EG fruits.The aqueous crude extract of EGfruit was observed to
produce increases in mounting frequency, intermission frequency, ejaculatory frequencyand
anogenital grooming compared to the controls, these increases were not dose
dependent.From the results it can be concluded that EGfruit does not possess aphrodisiac
properties, hereby debunking the claim

Antibiotic resistance has continued to constitute serious problems not only in clinical
medicine but also in livestock management and veterinary medicine. The present study was
carried out to determine the occurrence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL)
producing Escherichia coli (E. coli) from fecal samples in Poultry and Cattle farming in Ovia
North East local government area, Benin City, Edo State.
A total of 100 fecal samples were collected randomly from apparently healthy cattle and
poultry birds. Heterotrophic bacteria, Coliforms and E. coli were cultured using standard
procedures. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of the E. coli isolates were carried out using Kirby
Bauer disc diffusion method. ESBL phenotypic detection was carried out using ETEST®
ESBL strips. Molecular detection of tem, shv, ctx-m and oxa genes were carried out using
standard molecular methods.
The mean heterotrophic bacteria count from chicken fecal samples was 5.56±0.21x106cfu/g,
while that of cattle fecal samples was 4.91±0.33x106cfu/g. The mean total coliform count
from chicken fecal samples was 3.73±0.14x106cfu/g while that of cattle fecal samples was
3.28±0.22x106cfu/g respectively. Sixty eight E. coli isolates were recovered from the 100
samples, out of which 13 (19.1%) suspected isolates for phenotypic ESBL production testing
were selected based on a ≥0.6 multiple resistance index criteria to the 10 broad-spectrum
antibiotics used during antibiotic susceptibility test. Five of these isolates were positive for
ESBL by ETEST® ESBL strips. Consequently, out of the 5, tem, oxa and shv genes were
detected in 2(40%), 3(60%) and 4(80%) of the isolates respectively. Only the ctx-m genes
(100%) was detected in all isolates. Cattle fecal samples had more carriage of extended
spectrum beta lactamase producing E. coli than chicken fecal samples, suggesting that E.
coli isolates from cattle possessed more beta-lactamase genes than E. coli isolates from
chicken. This study showed high resistance of E. coli isolates (15-42.50 %) to antibiotics and
the presence of beta-lactamase genes in these isolates from animals within the studied
locale. These findings are of significant concern to public health because of the inevitable
interaction between man, microorganisms and environment. Regular monitoring and
regulated use of antibiotics in livestock is recommended

Five (05) marble samples from Ikpeshi and environs were analyzed both geochemically and
mineralogically with the aim of characterizing the marble bodies around the study area,
southwestern Nigeria. The samples were subjected to X-Ray Fluorescence and X-Ray
Diffraction analysis. Findings revealed the CaO/MgO ratio of the Ikpeshi marble range
between 2.92 and 106.87 with an average of 39.19. The percentage of calcite is between
37.41 and 97.60 with average values of 79.13wt.%, while dolomite range from 2.40 to 62.59
with average values of 20.87wt.%.Other major oxide such as SiO2, FeO and or Fe2O3,
Na2O, K2O, Al2O3 and MnO2 have values below 2wt.%. Based on the different classification
schemes for marble, Ikpeshi marble consist of pure calcite marble, pure dolomite marble,
pure dolomitic calcite and pure calcitic dolomite. The marble in the study area are classified
as the high calcite group and their industrial use range from the manufacture of Portland
cement to ceramics production

In this study, remediation of heavy metals; arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper and lead,
and petroleum hydrocarbons in co-contaminated soil using in situ application of admixtures
of poultry manure and termite mound soil was examined. The contaminated soil with total
heavy metals content, MTot 110.69±3.08 mg.kg-1

(As 8.00±0.36 mg.kg-1

; Cd 10.83±0.33

mg.kg-1
; Cr 20.90±0.56 mg.kg-1

; Cu 43.43±0.99 mg.kg-1 and Pb 25.45± ±0.85 mg.kg-1
) and
total petroleum hydrocarbons content 208.30±0.62 mg.kg-1 was treated with admixtures of
poultry manure and termite mound soil of various compositions (0 – 100 wt% poultry
manure) and durations (30 – 120 days) of amendment application. Reductions in the levels
of total-extractable and bioavailable metal fractions and in residual total petroleum
hydrocarbons, plant (maize) uptake and transferability of heavy metals and changes in soil
enzyme activities were used as indicators of remediation end-point. It was found that in
comparison with unamended soil, marked reductions (in the range 64 -89%) were
associated with poultry manure/termite mound soil application to the contaminated soil. The
reduction in bioavailable metal fraction following amendment application was reflected in
corresponding reduced plant uptake, 18-fold by maize roots and 25-fold in transferability to
maize shoots as a result of the application of poultry manure/termite mound soil to the
contaminated soil. Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons varied in apparent dependence
on the poultry manure content of the amendment and was almost quantitative (95%) with
application of amendment (100 wt% poultry manure) and duration of 120 days. Increased
levels of soil enzyme activities of several order of magnitude (67 – 500%) in comparison with
unamended soil accompanied application of poultry manure/termite mound soil amendment
to the contaminated soil. Restoration of soil quality (measured in terms of enzyme activities)
depended on the level of poultry manure component of the amendment material

In this study, remediation of heavy metals; arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper and lead,
and petroleum hydrocarbons in co-contaminated soil using in situ application of admixtures
of poultry manure and termite mound soil was examined. The contaminated soil with total
heavy metals content, MTot 110.69±3.08 mg.kg-1

(As 8.00±0.36 mg.kg-1

; Cd 10.83±0.33

mg.kg-1
; Cr 20.90±0.56 mg.kg-1

; Cu 43.43±0.99 mg.kg-1 and Pb 25.45± ±0.85 mg.kg-1
) and
total petroleum hydrocarbons content 208.30±0.62 mg.kg-1 was treated with admixtures of
poultry manure and termite mound soil of various compositions (0 – 100 wt% poultry
manure) and durations (30 – 120 days) of amendment application. Reductions in the levels
of total-extractable and bioavailable metal fractions and in residual total petroleum
hydrocarbons, plant (maize) uptake and transferability of heavy metals and changes in soil
enzyme activities were used as indicators of remediation end-point. It was found that in
comparison with unamended soil, marked reductions (in the range 64 -89%) were
associated with poultry manure/termite mound soil application to the contaminated soil. The
reduction in bioavailable metal fraction following amendment application was reflected in
corresponding reduced plant uptake, 18-fold by maize roots and 25-fold in transferability to
maize shoots as a result of the application of poultry manure/termite mound soil to the
contaminated soil. Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons varied in apparent dependence
on the poultry manure content of the amendment and was almost quantitative (95%) with
application of amendment (100 wt% poultry manure) and duration of 120 days. Increased
levels of soil enzyme activities of several order of magnitude (67 – 500%) in comparison with
unamended soil accompanied application of poultry manure/termite mound soil amendment
to the contaminated soil. Restoration of soil quality (measured in terms of enzyme activities)
depended on the level of poultry manure component of the amendment material

The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has revitalized the
educational sector and various other sectors of the economy in Nigeria. The advance
technological tools used in the dissemination, storage and management of Information and
communication has only been possible through the use of ICT. In the Educational sector,
ICT can assist staff and students to enhance the quality of learning and teaching as well in
tertiary institutions. This paper reports the investigation carried out to ascertain the available
ICT facilities and usage in three institutions in Nigeria and the implementation of these
facilities. A total of 300 respondent were drawn from University of Benin (UNIBEN), Ambrose
Alli University (AAU) and Benson Idahosa University (BIU). Questionnaire instrument was
developed and administered to Administrators, lecturers and students randomly in the
universities selected, the data gathered was subsequently analyzed using SPSS. The role of
ICT in tertiary institutions was discussed. Suggestions are made on the design and mode of
implementing ICT assisted learning in tertiary institution. The study revealed the benefits and
challenges of implementing ICT assisted learning.

The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has revitalized the
educational sector and various other sectors of the economy in Nigeria. The advance
technological tools used in the dissemination, storage and management of Information and
communication has only been possible through the use of ICT. In the Educational sector,
ICT can assist staff and students to enhance the quality of learning and teaching as well in
tertiary institutions. This paper reports the investigation carried out to ascertain the available
ICT facilities and usage in three institutions in Nigeria and the implementation of these
facilities. A total of 300 respondent were drawn from University of Benin (UNIBEN), Ambrose
Alli University (AAU) and Benson Idahosa University (BIU). Questionnaire instrument was
developed and administered to Administrators, lecturers and students randomly in the
universities selected, the data gathered was subsequently analyzed using SPSS. The role of
ICT in tertiary institutions was discussed. Suggestions are made on the design and mode of
implementing ICT assisted learning in tertiary institution. The study revealed the benefits and
challenges of implementing ICT assisted learning

The 3-D geological and geothermal model was built using seismic data and geo-temperature
data respectively. The model was used to deduce environment of deposition and their facies.
The geological model serves as a pointer to locate highly permeable channels where
hydrocarbons are found. The well consist of Gamma ray log (GR log), Spontaneous
Potential logs (SP log), Resistivity logs, Formation density, Neutron log, Sonic log and all
the well logs penetrate Agbada and the Benin Formation. The wells within the interval
studied consist mainly of alternate sequence of sand and shales. The shale is rich in organic
matter in the study field. The geo-temperatures values of 101.60oC– 119.60oCat modeled
depth of 1357m- 3500m, indicating that the shale beds of Agbada Formation are within the
oil generating window and is thermally matured with sufficient organic matter to generate
hydrocarbon in the study field as earlier believed to be immature and cannot generate
hydrocarbon. The 3-D geological and geo thermal model are the basis of establishing
depositional facies and the hydrocarbon window of the Agbada Formation at depth 1357-
3500m which is a useful tool in exploration and exploitation geology

The 3-D geological and geothermal model was built using seismic data and geo-temperature
data respectively. The model was used to deduce environment of deposition and their facies.
The geological model serves as a pointer to locate highly permeable channels where
hydrocarbons are found. The well consist of Gamma ray log (GR log), Spontaneous
Potential logs (SP log), Resistivity logs, Formation density, Neutron log, Sonic log and all
the well logs penetrate Agbada and the Benin Formation. The wells within the interval
studied consist mainly of alternate sequence of sand and shales. The shale is rich in organic
matter in the study field. The geo-temperatures values of 101.60oC– 119.60oCat modeled
depth of 1357m- 3500m, indicating that the shale beds of Agbada Formation are within the
oil generating window and is thermally matured with sufficient organic matter to generate
hydrocarbon in the study field as earlier believed to be immature and cannot generate
hydrocarbon. The 3-D geological and geo thermal model are the basis of establishing
depositional facies and the hydrocarbon window of the Agbada Formation at depth 1357-
3500m which is a useful tool in exploration and exploitation geology

A deterministic model for the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 is designed and deployed
to theoretically assess the role of the impact of non-pharmaceutical intervention measures
on the dynamics for COVID-19 burden on a given population. The results obtained from the
theoretical analysis of the model infer that non-pharmaceutical intervention measures in the
fight against COVID-19 will be effective in the prevention and subsequent reduction in
burden of the disease on the population under certain conditions