A novel deterministic model for the transmission dynamics of Lassa Haemorrhagic Fever (LHF) is designed and deployed to qualitatively assess the role of the impact of reduced relative infection of the human-human mode of transmission compared to the rodent-human mode of transmission on the population population dynamics for Lassa Haemorrhagic Fever disease burden. The model is shown to undergo the backward bifurcation phenomenon due to the presence of the parameter which accounts for the rate at which temporary immunity wanes. A unique threshold for the rate at which temporary
immunity wanes was also obtained. A special case of the model showed that the disease-
free equilibrium was globally asymptotically

In this study, remediation of heavy metals; arsenic, cadmium, chromium, copper and lead,
and petroleum hydrocarbons in co-contaminated soil using in situ application of admixtures
of poultry manure and termite mound soil was examined. The contaminated soil with total
heavy metals content, MTot 110.69±3.08 mg.kg-1

(As 8.00±0.36 mg.kg-1

; Cd 10.83±0.33

mg.kg-1
; Cr 20.90±0.56 mg.kg-1

; Cu 43.43±0.99 mg.kg-1 and Pb 25.45± ±0.85 mg.kg-1
) and
total petroleum hydrocarbons content 208.30±0.62 mg.kg-1 was treated with admixtures of
poultry manure and termite mound soil of various compositions (0 – 100 wt% poultry
manure) and durations (30 – 120 days) of amendment application. Reductions in the levels
of total-extractable and bioavailable metal fractions and in residual total petroleum
hydrocarbons, plant (maize) uptake and transferability of heavy metals and changes in soil
enzyme activities were used as indicators of remediation end-point. It was found that in
comparison with unamended soil, marked reductions (in the range 64 -89%) were
associated with poultry manure/termite mound soil application to the contaminated soil. The
reduction in bioavailable metal fraction following amendment application was reflected in
corresponding reduced plant uptake, 18-fold by maize roots and 25-fold in transferability to
maize shoots as a result of the application of poultry manure/termite mound soil to the
contaminated soil. Degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons varied in apparent dependence
on the poultry manure content of the amendment and was almost quantitative (95%) with
application of amendment (100 wt% poultry manure) and duration of 120 days. Increased
levels of soil enzyme activities of several order of magnitude (67 – 500%) in comparison with
unamended soil accompanied application of poultry manure/termite mound soil amendment
to the contaminated soil. Restoration of soil quality (measured in terms of enzyme activities)
depended on the level of poultry manure component of the amendment material

The 3-D geological and geothermal model was built using seismic data and geo-temperature
data respectively. The model was used to deduce environment of deposition and their facies.
The geological model serves as a pointer to locate highly permeable channels where
hydrocarbons are found. The well consist of Gamma ray log (GR log), Spontaneous
Potential logs (SP log), Resistivity logs, Formation density, Neutron log, Sonic log and all
the well logs penetrate Agbada and the Benin Formation. The wells within the interval
studied consist mainly of alternate sequence of sand and shales. The shale is rich in organic
matter in the study field. The geo-temperatures values of 101.60oC– 119.60oCat modeled
depth of 1357m- 3500m, indicating that the shale beds of Agbada Formation are within the
oil generating window and is thermally matured with sufficient organic matter to generate
hydrocarbon in the study field as earlier believed to be immature and cannot generate
hydrocarbon. The 3-D geological and geo thermal model are the basis of establishing
depositional facies and the hydrocarbon window of the Agbada Formation at depth 1357-
3500m which is a useful tool in exploration and exploitation geology

A deterministic model for the transmission dynamics of COVID-19 is designed and deployed
to theoretically assess the role of the impact of non-pharmaceutical intervention measures
on the dynamics for COVID-19 burden on a given population. The results obtained from the
theoretical analysis of the model infer that non-pharmaceutical intervention measures in the
fight against COVID-19 will be effective in the prevention and subsequent reduction in
burden of the disease on the population under certain conditions

Digitalization of all services is needed in the banking sector, there is a possibility that this will
prove to be a temporary trend that will not last once social distancing restrictions are lifted.
Such developments have included facilitating increased use of online banking, mobile bank
transfers and e-wallets for virtual payments. In this paper, a sample was administered to a
population of 206 respondents, the 206 respondents consisted of 57 (27.7%) of UBA staff,
and 78 (37.8%) of Access bank staff, 40 (19.4%) Zenith bank staff, 14 (6.8%) of First bank
staff and 17(8.3%) of Guaranty Trust bank staff to get response concerning the use of digital
banking services in their banks amidst the covid-19 pandemic and how it has impacted on
them. The results proved that digitization is a welcome development in the banking sector
and the effects are positive

Ascorbic acid is an essential water-soluble vitamin that is only available to humans through
dietary supplements such as the intake of fruits, vegetables, and drugs. In this study, the
quantification of ascorbic acid in five different fruits – apple, guava, orange, pineapple, and
watermelon were carried out using titrimetric and spectrophotometric method. Irrespective of
the method of analysis employed, guava contained the highest amount of ascorbic acid
215.600mg/100 g for the titrimetric method. This was followed by orange with an ascorbic acid
content of95.500mg/100 g. Pineapple, watermelon, and Apple gave values of 77.80, 11.800
and 8.500mg per 100 g of samples respectively. Spectrophotometric analysis of the ascorbic
acid of the fruit samples also followed the same order (guava > orange > pineapple >
watermelon > apple) with values of 223.000, 96.741, 78.411, 12.220 and 8.147 mg per 100 g of
the respective fruit samples obtained. Although spectrophotometric method gave higher values
of ascorbic acid in respective fruit extractsrelative to the titrimetric method, a p-value of 0.97
obtained from the statistical analysis (one-way ANOVA), revealed that there was no significant
difference between the mean values, thus, either method is efficient in quantifying ascorbic acid
in fruits. The findings shows that the consumption of 100 g of either pineapple, guava or orange
sourced from our local market meets the prescribed US recommended dietary allowance (RDA)
of 90 and 75mg/day for an adult male and female and a combination of these fruits can meet
the requirement of ascorbic acid for others based on their health conditions

The application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has revitalized the
educational sector and various other sectors of the economy in Nigeria. The advance
technological tools used in the dissemination, storage and management of Information and
communication has only been possible through the use of ICT. In the Educational sector,
ICT can assist staff and students to enhance the quality of learning and teaching as well in
tertiary institutions. This paper reports the investigation carried out to ascertain the available
ICT facilities and usage in three institutions in Nigeria and the implementation of these
facilities. A total of 300 respondent were drawn from University of Benin (UNIBEN), Ambrose
Alli University (AAU) and Benson Idahosa University (BIU). Questionnaire instrument was
developed and administered to Administrators, lecturers and students randomly in the
universities selected, the data gathered was subsequently analyzed using SPSS. The role of
ICT in tertiary institutions was discussed. Suggestions are made on the design and mode of
implementing ICT assisted learning in tertiary institution. The study revealed the benefits and
challenges of implementing ICT assisted learning

In this study, carbon based sulphonated catalyst (CBSC) was developed from coconut shell
biomass material by direct sulphonation method using concentrated sulphuric acid. The
CBSC was characterized with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR),
thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Total acid density,
energy dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDX) and Bruneuer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface
area. The catalytic activity of the catalyst was evaluated in esterification reactions using oleic
acid and methanol. The optimum percentage conversion of 96.78% using coconut
sulphonated catalyst (CSC), was obtained at a temperature of 45OC, catalyst dosage of
1.75g and reaction time of 270min. The results obtained showed that the CSC from coconut
shell biomass was active in catalyzing the esterification reaction process and this makes it a
promising heterogeneous catalyst in biodiesel production

Five (05) marble samples from Ikpeshi and environs were analyzed both geochemically and
mineralogically with the aim of characterizing the marble bodies around the study area,
southwestern Nigeria. The samples were subjected to X-Ray Fluorescence and X-Ray
Diffraction analysis. Findings revealed the CaO/MgO ratio of the Ikpeshi marble range
between 2.92 and 106.87 with an average of 39.19. The percentage of calcite is between
37.41 and 97.60 with average values of 79.13wt.%, while dolomite range from 2.40 to 62.59
with average values of 20.87wt.%.Other major oxide such as SiO2, FeO and or Fe2O3,
Na2O, K2O, Al2O3 and MnO2 have values below 2wt.%. Based on the different classification
schemes for marble, Ikpeshi marble consist of pure calcite marble, pure dolomite marble,
pure dolomitic calcite and pure calcitic dolomite. The marble in the study area are classified
as the high calcite group and their industrial use range from the manufacture of Portland
cement to ceramics production

The use of herb in the management of various ailments have been brought to light, due to
their ethno-medicinal claims, the fruit of Elaeis guineensis (EG) is claimed to possess
aphrodisiac property. The aim of this study is to investigate the aphrodisiac potential of EG.
EG fruit was obtained from a local market, identified and extracted, presence of
phytochemicals in EG was determined using the standard methods.Female animalswere
artificially brought into oestrus by the administration of ethinyl oestradiol orally at a dose of
100μg per animal 48 hours prior to mating and progesterone subcutaneously at a dose of 1mg
per animal 6 hours prior to mating. The Mountingfrequency, Intromissionfrequency,
Ejaculatory frequency, Mount Latency, Intromissionlatency, Ejaculatorylatency and Anogenital
grooming were evaluated at 200, 400, and 800mg/kg.
Alkaloid, saponin, flavonoid, phenolics, tannins and steroidal nucleus were identified
phytochemicals found in EG fruits.The aqueous crude extract of EGfruit was observed to
produce increases in mounting frequency, intermission frequency, ejaculatory frequencyand
anogenital grooming compared to the controls, these increases were not dose
dependent.From the results it can be concluded that EGfruit does not possess aphrodisiac
properties, hereby debunking the claim